Fluids play a crucial role in industrial processes like cooling, heating, and mixing. Traditionally, most industries would utilize Newtonian fluids—which have a constant viscosity—for such processes.

Fluid dynamics underpins a broad range of industrial and environmental processes, with orifice flow measurement representing a critical application area that bridges theory and practice. Recent ...

The trade-offs necessary to choose a fluid involve a consideration of application requirements such as health, safety, and environmental effects, and fluid properties such as viscosity, stability, ...