Phase transitions, shifts between different states of matter, are widely explored physical phenomena. So far, these transitions have primarily been studied in three-dimensional (3D) and ...

Quantum phase transitions and topological phases constitute a vibrant domain within condensed matter physics. Unlike classical transitions driven by thermal fluctuations, quantum phase transitions ...

Researchers have achieved a remarkable result: capturing and studying phase changes in quantum hardware, which hold hold promise for next-generation technologies like quantum computing and ...

In 1935, Albert Einstein and Erwin Schrödinger, two of the most prominent physicists of the day, got into a dispute over the nature of reality. Einstein had done the math and knew that the universe ...

Phase changes -- Stability and instability -- Bifurcations and catastrophes -- Percolation -- Random graphs -- Life origins -- Virus dynamics -- Cell structure ...

The toughness, ductility, and wear resistance of metallic alloys are dictated by the phases present in their microstructure and how these phases are distributed. During heat treatments such as ...

This image depicts the ultracold atomic quantum simulator. The red and blue balls represent the fermionic atoms with up and down spins, respectively, arranged in a staggered pattern in 3D space, ...

PCMs leverage the principle of latent heat to function effectively. During the phase transition process, a PCM absorbs a substantial amount of latent heat from its environment, cooling the area as it ...