COOH) represents the protonated form of the organic acid, whereas lactate (CH₃CH (OH)COO⁻) represents its conjugated base.

Figure 1: L-lactate mediates excitation of LC neurons following activation of local astrocytes. Figure 3: Mechanism of excitation of LC neurons by exogenous L-lactate. Together these data suggest that ...

Scientists at Tohoku University have discovered the critical role that lactate plays in helping neural stem cells develop into specialized neurons, a process dubbed neuronal differentiation. They also ...

Science has confirmed that exercise is good for the brain. It increases blood flow, inhibits stress hormones, and stimulates the release of “feel-good” endorphins. One way exercise is thought to yield ...