One of the discoveries that fundamentally distinguished the emerging field of quantum physics from classical physics was the observation that matter behaves differently at the smallest scales. A key ...

Visual demonstration of the performance of the diffraction grating. The zeroth order transmission refers to light that goes straight through the grating without undergoing diffraction (which should be ...

Crystallography is the science of analyzing the pattern produced by shining an X-ray beam through a material sample. A powder sample produces a different pattern than solid crystal. One longstanding ...